Both their Farmina N&D as well as their Vet Life Natural diets have been scientifically tested. All Farmina dog food recipes are developed by closely collaborating with the chair of Nutrition and Animal Nutrition of the University of Naples Federico II. It must also be noted that the clinical trials conducted by Farmina are cruelty-free with no animals being tested in labs. ‘N&D’ stands for ‘Natural & Delicious’ this encapsulates their commitment to using natural methods as much as possible. All the food from N&D as well as the Vet Life Farmina pet food is preserved with natural antioxidants. They use tocopherol rich extracts to preserve their food. Farmina also ensures that the ancestral grain used in their food is completely GMO-free.